PT Kimia Farma Tbk (KAEF) is an integrated healthcare company. It was established in 1817, as pharmacy industry company by the Dutch East Indies Government, under the name NV Chemicalien Handle Rathkamp & Co. After Indonesia's independence, the government merged a number of pharmaceutical companies, in 1958, into State Pharmaceutical Company named Bhinneka Kimia Farma. However, it was later changed to a limited liability company in 1971, which also affected the name change to the current one. Then, it went IPO in July 2001. KAEF's business activities including pharmaceutical products manufacturing, marketing, research and development, distribution and trading, pharmaceutical retail, and international trade.